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What is the purpose of a writ of certiorari?

  1. To dismiss a case

  2. To call for the review of a case by the Supreme Court

  3. To initiate a lawsuit

  4. To provide legal counsel

The correct answer is: To call for the review of a case by the Supreme Court

A writ of certiorari serves a crucial function in the judicial process, particularly in the context of the Supreme Court. Its primary purpose is to request the Supreme Court to review a decision made by a lower court. When the Supreme Court grants certiorari, it is indicating that it will examine the record of the lower court's proceedings to determine if any legal errors were made that would affect the outcome of the case. This mechanism allows the Supreme Court to manage its docket by selectively choosing which cases to hear, especially those that involve significant questions of law or issues of national importance. The other choices reflect different legal actions or concepts but do not accurately describe the specific role of a writ of certiorari. Dismissing a case involves completely removing it from the court's consideration, while initiating a lawsuit refers to the act of filing a complaint in court. Providing legal counsel involves offering legal advice and representation, which is distinct from the review function enabled by a writ of certiorari. Thus, the correct answer aligns precisely with the intended function of this legal instrument in the judicial hierarchy.